This article provides guidance on how to successfully obtain planning permission in the UK.
Check if you need planning permission before you begin your project of home improvement.
What is a planning permission?
Planning permission refers to the official approval needed in the UK for certain types of development or building work. It's a key step in the process of making alterations to an existing building or constructing a new one.
Local planning authorities are responsible for granting or denying planning permission. This process ensures that any development is carried out in a way that's beneficial and appropriate for the local area and its residents.
We also have a detailed article about whether you need building regulations approval.
The importance of planning permission for homeowners
For homeowners, obtaining planning permission is a necessary step for many types of building projects. It's not just a formality; it's a legal requirement for certain developments.
Failure to obtain planning permission when it's needed can result in enforcement action from the local planning authority.
This might include being ordered to undo any work that's been done. It is, therefore, very important for any homeowner considering a building or renovation project.
Do I need planning permission?
Common projects requiring planning permission
In the UK, various home improvement or construction projects often require planning permission to ensure that your proposed changes align with specific planning policies and regulations.
Extensions and conversions
For homeowners contemplating an extension or conversion of their existing property, planning permission is usually necessary. These projects can significantly alter the building's footprint or use, affecting the local environment and neighbourhood.
Significant renovations
Significant renovations that change the structure or external appearance of a building often need planning permission. This includes alterations to roofs, facades, and structural changes.
New buildings
Erecting a new building on your property almost always requires planning permission. This includes outbuildings, garages, and even some garden structures, depending on their size and use.
Changing a building's use
Transforming a building from one use to another, for example, converting a residential property to a business premise, requires planning consent. This change can have broader implications for the local area and its infrastructure.
Check what is allowed under permitted developments.
Exceptions: when planning permission is not required
Certain projects can proceed without planning permission, falling under 'permitted development rights'. However, these rights are subject to specific limitations and conditions.
Smaller alterations
Minor home improvements like installing new windows, doors, or a fence often don't need planning permission. These are considered too small to impact the wider community significantly.
Internal remodelling
Most internal remodelling projects do not require planning permission, as long as they don't alter the building's external appearance or footprint.
Certain outbuildings and extensions
In many cases, small outbuildings and extensions fall within permitted development rights, especially if they meet specific size and location criteria.
Repair and maintenance work
Routine maintenance and repair work, including like-for-like replacements, don't require planning permission. This work is essential for property upkeep and doesn't generally affect the building's overall structure or appearance.
Specific rules for listed buildings and conservation areas
Even under permitted development, if your property is a listed building or in a conservation area, you might still need to obtain listed building consent or follow specific regulations.
Checking with your local planning authority
Always consult your local planning authority or a planning consultant before starting any project. They can provide detailed advice tailored to your situation, ensuring you comply with all relevant regulations.
Starting with your local planning authority
Identifying the relevant local planning authority
Your first step in the planning permission journey involves identifying the relevant local planning authority.
Each area in the UK is governed by a local planning authority, responsible for making decisions on planning applications. Homeowners and prospective buyers must approach their respective local authority for guidance and approval.
The local council website offers detailed information about the planning department, including contact details and submission procedures.
Engaging early with your local planning authority can provide clarity on regulations and requirements specific to your area.
Utilising the planning portal for preliminary information
The planning portal serves as a valuable tool for preliminary information on planning permission. This online resource offers comprehensive details on planning policies and application procedures.
Homeowners can access a wealth of information, including guidelines on various types of projects, planning application forms, and fee calculators.
The planning portal is an essential starting point for anyone considering applying for planning permission, providing a foundation for understanding the process and requirements.
Preparing your planning application
Key components of a planning application
A planning application consists of several key components. The application form is the core element, requiring detailed information about the proposed project. Alongside the form, a location plan and a site plan are mandatory, providing a clear visual context of the development.
For most applications, a design and access statement is necessary, explaining the design principles and accessibility considerations.
Supporting documents may include detailed drawings, reports on environmental impact, and an ownership certificate. Ensure all components are accurately completed to avoid delays.
Creating effective planning application drawings
Effective planning application drawings should provide a detailed and accurate representation of the proposed development. They include floor plans, elevations, and cross-sections, giving a comprehensive view of the project.
High-quality drawings facilitate the local planning authority's understanding of your proposal, increasing the likelihood of a favourable outcome. Consider engaging with a professional architect or designer to ensure your drawings meet the required standards.
The role of a design and access statement
The design and access statement plays a big role in planning applications, particularly for significant projects or those in sensitive areas. This document explains the design rationale and how the proposal aligns with local planning policies.
It also addresses how the development ensures accessibility for all users. A well-crafted design and access statement can greatly influence the decision-making process, highlighting the thoughtfulness and suitability of your proposal within the local context.
Planning permission process
Submitting your application
Applying for planning permission begins with a thorough assessment of your project's needs. Start by gathering detailed information about the proposed development. This includes dimensions, purpose, and materials.
Next, prepare an accurate location plan and detailed drawings of the development proposed. These should show the site's layout and how the new development integrates with its surroundings. Consult the local planning authority's website for specific requirements and forms.
Fill out the application form meticulously, ensuring all details are accurate and complete. Attach all necessary documents, including plans and ownership certificates.
It's advisable to seek professional advice from planning consultants to ensure compliance with local regulations.
Using the Planning Portal for application submission
The Planning Portal website offers a streamlined platform for submitting your planning application.
First, create an account or log in if you already have one. Navigate to the section for 'planning application submission'. Follow the prompts to upload your application form and accompanying documents. The website is user-friendly and provides guidance at each step.
Ensure that all uploaded documents are clear and legible. Once all documents are uploaded, double-check for completeness. Before submission, review the planning portal's checklist to ensure no element is overlooked.
Paying the planning fee
Fees vary based on the type and scale of the proposed development. Check the local planning authority's fee schedule for exact amounts. Fees can usually be paid online via the planning portal. Some local authorities also accept cheques or bank transfers.
Ensure the correct fee is paid to avoid delays. Keep a receipt of the payment for your records. If in doubt about the fee amount, contact the local planning authority for clarification.
After submitting your planning application
What happens post-submission?
Once your planning application is submitted, the local planning authority will begin its assessment. They will check if the application is complete and meets the necessary criteria. The authority then validates the application and assigns a planning officer to it. A statutory timeframe for decision-making starts from the date of validation.
Your application will be made available for public viewing, and neighbours may be notified. The planning officer may visit the site for evaluation. You will receive an acknowledgment of your submission and be informed about the next steps.
Communicating with the planning officer
The planning officer is your primary contact throughout the process. Respond promptly to any queries or requests for additional information. Engage in constructive discussions if there are any concerns.
Be open to suggestions that might improve the chances of your application's success. Remember, the planning officer is there to help guide you through the process.
Addressing any objections or concerns
Objections or concerns raised by the public or statutory consultees are common. Review these objections carefully.
If necessary, adjust your plans to address valid concerns. You can submit amended plans or additional information in response.
Discuss potential modifications with the planning officer. Demonstrating willingness to cooperate and adapt can be helpful in securing planning consent.
The decision process
How planning decisions are made
Local planning authorities play an important role in the decision-making process for planning applications. These decisions hinge on the alignment of your proposal with the National Planning Policy Framework and the local development plan.
The local authority scrutinises each application, assessing various factors, such as environmental impact, the effect on the neighbourhood, and adherence to local policies.
Your involvement with the local planning authority doesn't end with submission. Stay proactive, engage in discussions, and understand that they are your primary point of contact throughout this journey.
The planning committee's role
In some instances, a planning committee, comprised of elected local councillors, determines the fate of your planning application. This occurs for more significant or controversial projects.
Your application's details are presented in a public forum, where you may also have the opportunity to speak. Understanding the committee's dynamics and preparing for possible public representation can significantly influence the outcome.
How long does it take to get planning permission?
Patience is key when waiting for a decision on your planning application. The decision process for minor applications takes up to eight weeks, while major applications may take up to thirteen weeks. However, these timeframes can vary.
Maintain regular contact with your local planning authority to stay informed about any delays or additional information requirements.
If your planning application is refused
What are the reasons for refusal?
When a local planning authority denies planning permission, try to comprehend the refusal's basis. The decision letter from the local authority will outline specific reasons, often linked to non-compliance with the development plan or material considerations.
These reasons might include issues with design, impact on neighbours, or environmental concerns. Reviewing these points carefully will aid in refining your application for resubmission.
Options for appeal and resubmission
You have options after a refusal. Firstly, consider modifying your plans to address the concerns raised. Engaging with a planning officer can provide valuable insights into necessary changes.
Alternatively, you can appeal to the planning inspectorate, a process requiring submission of an appeal form, further details, or revised plans. Remember, the appeal process can be lengthy, so weigh this against the possibility of quicker success through resubmission.
Special considerations in planning permission
Conservation areas and listed buildings
Planning permission in conservation areas or for listed buildings involves additional scrutiny. For listed buildings, you'll need a listed building consent, which focuses on preserving the building's historical significance.
Similarly, in conservation areas, extra care is taken to ensure new building work preserves or enhances the area's character. Always consult with your local authority for specific guidelines and possible exemptions under permitted development rights.
Handling environmental impact assessments
For larger or more complex projects, an environmental impact assessment (EIA) might be necessary. This assessment, often coordinated by the environment agency or local highways department, evaluates the proposed development's impact on the environment.
Preparing for an EIA involves gathering detailed plans and studies on aspects like wildlife, traffic, and noise.
Early consultation with relevant agencies can streamline this process and prevent delays in your application.
Complying with building regulations
Difference between planning permission and building regulations
Planning permission and building regulations serve distinct purposes in UK construction and renovation projects.
Obtaining planning permission primarily concerns the aesthetics and impact of a project on the surrounding environment.
In contrast, building regulations focus on safety, energy efficiency, and accessibility standards. Homeowners must often secure both approvals for their projects.
Obtaining building regulations approval
Securing building regulations approval involves a detailed review of the project's construction methods and materials. Homeowners must submit full plans or a building notice to their local building control body.
Full plans require detailed drawings and specifications, while a building notice allows for smaller, less complex projects to start quickly. Compliance with building regulations is verified through inspections during and after construction.
Practical tips from former planning officers
Insider advice for successful applications
Former planning officers emphasise the importance of thorough preparation for a successful planning permission application.
This includes understanding local planning policies, engaging with neighbours early in the process, and considering environmental impacts. Clear, accurate planning drawings and a well-prepared application can improve the chances of approval.
Common pitfalls to avoid in the planning process
Key pitfalls include underestimating the importance of local policies, neglecting neighbour consultations, and submitting incomplete or inaccurate application forms.
Being aware of and respectful towards conservation area and listed building constraints is also imortant.
FAQs
Can I undertake a retrospective planning application?
If you've already begun or completed building work without the necessary planning permission, a retrospective planning application is your next step. This application is similar to a standard planning application, but it's submitted after the work is done.
The local planning authority then assesses your project as if the work had not yet started. Remember, there's no guarantee of approval, and if your application is refused, you might need to modify or remove the work done.
How to obtain listed building consent?
Listed building consent is mandatory for any alterations to a listed building that affect its character. Start by consulting your local planning authority to understand specific requirements. Submit an application detailing your proposed changes.
It's advisable to seek advice from a conservation officer or a specialist in historical buildings. Remember, undertaking unauthorised work on a listed building is a criminal offense, so it's crucial to obtain this consent before starting any work.
What are permitted development rights?
Permitted development rights allow you to undertake certain types of work without needing to apply for planning permission. These rights depend on factors like your property type, location, and whether any previous changes have been made.
Common examples include small extensions or loft conversions. However, it's wise to check with your local planning authority or obtain a lawful development certificate to ensure your project falls under these rights.