Business sale agreements

These agreements can be used by the buyer or the seller throughout the sale process. Of course, they are templates for the final contract. However, they can also be used before marketing, as an aide-memoire during negotiation, and as the basis of your heads of terms.

Every template includes a large choice of warranties.

If you are buying the shares in a company and not the assets of the business, you should use a company purchase agreement.

Templates

Business sale agreement: any business

12 Reviews

This is a comprehensive agreement for the purchase and sale of any type of business. It is the master version on which our other documents are based.

It includes:

  • a contract for the sale of freehold property and a draft transfer of leasehold property
  • an option for the buyer to pay in part in the shares of his company
  • a menu of 80 relevant warranties

Restaurant sale and purchase agreement

2 Reviews

This business sale agreement template has been written for the purchase of a restaurant, pub or entertainment business such as a nightclub.

Included are:

  • a menu of over 73 warranties
  • provisions to transfer pub premises and employees to the acquirer

Cafe purchase agreement

Use this simple agreement to buy a food retail business where food is consumed on the premises. It is suitable for the purchase of one or more outlets, and where the transaction is of any value.

It includes provision for transfer of leasehold premises.

Takeaway business purchase agreement

1 Review

This agreement is suitable for buying or selling a business with one or more outlets that sell food not consumed on the premises.

It covers transfer of stock, leases, and any website, and provides a full menu of warranties.

It also includes provisions to transfer employees and other contracts such as those with suppliers.

Sale agreement: trading or retail business

4 Reviews

This document is suitable for buying or selling a retailer or wholesaler.

It includes:

  • provisions suitable for a business that might sell through multiple sales channels (including e-commerce)
  • provisions relating to quality, condition and saleability of stock
  • warranties that cover contracts with customers and suppliers, as well as with contractors
  • draft contracts for transferring freehold and leasehold property

Business transfer agreement: incorporation of a sole trader or partnership to a company

2 Reviews

This document is suitable where the transaction involves: transfer from a sole trader or partnership to a company owned by the same people. It is for use when an existing business incorporates to take advantage of a limited company structure.

It is much simpler version, since the owners of the acquiring company do not need warranties or provision for a guarantor.

Website sale and purchase agreement

2 Reviews

This is an agreement to buy a website that is complete, but not yet trading.

It could be used:

  • by speculative web developers
  • to sell a site that has been developed for a business that will not start trading for reasons such as a lack of further capital

It is suitable for any type of website.

Provisions include transfer of all intellectual property to the acquirer.

Manufacturing business purchase agreement

1 Review

An agreement for the sale and purchase of any manufacturing business.

The type of goods produced is not important within the document. Additional production services such as finishing and packaging could also be provided by the manufacturer.

The document provides for:

  • strong warranties on assets, to make sure that the buyer obtains functioning plant and equipment
  • transfer of staff to the buyer
  • transfer of intangible assets including any website
  • sale of any freehold property, and transfer of leasehold property

Business sale purchase agreement: professional services

1 Review

This is an agreement to buy a business of any size that provides professional or personal services.

The services could be of any type. Examples include: legal services, accounting, surveying.

The document includes provision for transfer of leasehold premises, and a large menu of related warranties.

Sale agreement: Internet-based services business

This document is suitable for the purchase of a business that delivers a service via the Internet, either B2C or B2B.

Examples include: an online advertising management platform; a subscribe-to-access news website; a property search portal; and an online gaming site.

It includes:

  • a list of matters to be done before completion and documents to be handed to the buyer
  • provisions to prevent the seller setting up in competition
  • provision for freehold or leasehold premises to be included in the sale
  • a large menu of warranties, with particular emphasis on those relating to hardware and software

Online services business sale agreement

3 Reviews

This is a simpler version of our agreement to buy an Internet-based services provider, that do not have premises.

Examples might be: a blog that generates income from advertising; or an affiliate site.

There is a short menu of relevant warranties.

It has been drawn to be easy to use for parties who want a simple deal, completed on the same day with the full price paid in cash.

Online trading business sale agreement

5 Reviews

Use this short document to buy a home-based business that sells goods, or goods and services online.

It includes:

  • full e-commerce provisions
  • a short menu of suitable warranties

It assumes that neither premises nor employees will be transferred with the sale.

Garage, repair or service station business sale agreement

1 Review

This is a purchase agreement for a business that repairs or services vehicles, machinery or plant, on an ongoing contractual basis or through off-the-street trade. It is suitable whether the customers are B2C or B2B.

Examples include:

  • a motor garage that offers MOT services and checks
  • a service station that services landscaping equipment such as mowers and diggers
  • a company that specialises in cleaning and servicing a particular component in an industrial machine

Provisions are specific to this type of service station or gagrage, and include those for transfer of property and employees to the acquirer.

Coaching or personal training services business sale template

Use this contract to buy or sell a business that provides a face-to-face service to consumers.

It is a short document, stripped down to cover the requirements of a simple business that does not operate from business premises, and that does not have an e-commerce enabled website.

Examples of businesses that could be sold using this agreement include those offering:

  • personal training and sports coaching
  • private tutoring
  • home-based hair and beauty
  • reflexology, acupuncture, aromatherapy, hypnotherapy and other complementary therapies

The agreement:

  • does not cover additional retail of goods (for example, goods to complement the service)
  • assumes no employees are to be transferred with the sale

There are provisions for transfer of a simple website and for VAT. Also included is a short menu of suitable warranties.

Construction business purchase agreement

1 Review

This is a business purchase agreement for a small construction or property renovation business.

Examples include:

  • a installer of conservatories, swimming pools, or kitchens and bathrooms
  • an office or shop fitting services
  • a renovator of rented residential properties
  • a company specialising in building extensions
  • a landscaping business

It is not suitable for the sale of a house-builder.

Sale of used plant and machinery

Use this agreement to buy or sell second hand plant, machinery or equipment.

This is for a one-off sale where seller is off-loading surplus assets and will give only limited warranties. It deals largely with making sure buyer obtains good tile and proper arrangements are made for payment and transfer of the plant to the buyer.

The document includes:

  • limited warranties as to merchantability and product quality but full transfer of title
  • provision for payment options, including by letter of credit
  • provision for delivery, transportation, including abroad
  • retention of title for incomplete payment
  • a list of accompanying documents, supporting software and other associated parts

Purchase of business assets or hive-down

2 Reviews

The essence of this agreement is that seller gives no warranties so the buyer has little protection. What he sees is what he gets. The reason for the sale is not relevant.

The document is not the sale of a business as a going concern but of assets in a "break-up" situation.

For example, it might be used to sell:

  • plant and equipment
  • intellectual property such as a customer list or copyright
  • stock

Examples of use might be:

  • for a “hive-down” or any other sale by a liquidator or administrator or trustee in bankruptcy
  • a private sale where the seller will not give any warranty
  • to record an inter-company transfer within a group of companies - to distribute profit where you want it to arise or where a subsidiary is merging with its holding company.
  • where a business owner is closing a business

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What is a business purchase agreement?

Use a business sale agreement to 'business to transfer part of, or an entire business to another. The acquirer may be an individual, a partnership or a company. The business may be any of a range of industries and sectors.

Usually, it is the assets that are sold and the liabilities retained by the seller. Assets may include land and buildings, plant and machinery, equipment, stock, work in progress, and intellectual property ('IP') such as a website or customer database. In other words, any part of an operational business.

Suitable for use by both the buyer and the seller

Usually it is the acquirer who proposes the terms of the contract. The reason is that they have the greater need for legal protection because they know less about the business than the seller.

However, there is nothing to stop the vendor from proposing initial terms.

Our business sale agreement template protects both sides. By including a greater number of warranties, the contract can be made to favour the acquirer.

To use this business purchase agreement, edit with the exact terms you agree, have both sides sign it (no witness necessary), and date it to make it legally binding. There is no requirement to take legal advice or any other sort, although you may wish to do so if there is much at stake.

Much needs to happen before you reach completion. The buyer is likely to want to know everything and the seller still wants to avoid reducing his price.

Provisions within these business sale agreements

The following provisions are common to most of these business sale agreements, but sometimes the ways they are applied are different for each. In other words, the exact terms may be different.

As an example, every buyer will want to prevent his seller from setting up in competition, but how we make that happen is not the same for every transaction.

Identity of the subject of the sale

The business name may not be enough if it is merged into another organisation. Identifying exactly what is being transferred is important for future reference.

Similarly, excluded assets may be important to note.

The parties

The parties could be companies or one or more individuals.

We would suggest that the buyer should insist on a guarantor. This is particularly important when the vendor is a company that might cease to exist the day after the closing date of the deal.

Creditors and liabilities

The buyer buys the assets in the business. Debts remain due to be paid off by the seller (most likely from the proceeds). The buyer does not take them on. However, we provide for the seller to agree to pay them off promptly so that suppliers do not hesitate to supply the new owner.

Price apportionment within the payment terms

The price payable is probably the thing most on the mind of both parties.

However, it is not just a question of a lump sum payment, whether for cash or shares in acquirer.

How it is apportioned between goods, goodwill, fixed assets, and IP may also be important for both the seller and the buyer for efficient tax planning.

Timing of payment is not apportioned.

Cover all the angles at completion

In the excitement of the completion it is very easy even for professionals to forget something.

Every contract provides a list of documents and other things to be exchanged at completion.

Competition by the seller and confidentiality about the deal

There are restraints against future direct competition by the seller in tough terms, cover for confidentiality of the terms of the deal itself and many other matters.

We believe our careful words will minimise the freedom of a seller to compete after the sale. If you are a seller, of course, you will want to edit these accordingly.

Transfer of IP

We have assumed that every business will use its website in ways we would expect. For example, a repair garage might not have a website at all, but if it does, it will not use its website for e-commerce.

There may be other IP that needs to be registered at transfer, such as trade marks.

So much depends on warranties

The basic structure on any business purchase or business sale agreement is based on warranties. Warranties are promises made by the seller to the buyer. Over the years they have evolved into a system whereby each warranty stays in the same exact form as the buyer wants and is not edited. Instead, if the seller cannot make the promise, he qualifies its terms as part of a disclosure letter.

The warranties we provide in our business sale agreement give generous cover to the buyer. You will probably want to delete a few, but they are drawn to be appropriate for the particular type of transaction to which that document relates.

We have taken great care to draw the warranties in simple language so that both sides are absolutely clear about what is being warranted. We have included a large choice because it is easier for you to remove what you don't need than to word new warranties yourself.

Some of these bu include up to 100 warranties covering a wide range of affairs, from tax and accounts to contracts, the real properties, employees, IP, information technology and more.

Timing of the deal

The real life experience of our legal team is that it is more efficient by far, to complete the deal on the day the contract is signed than to sign it for completion and payment at a future date. The main problem with future completion is that an awful lot can change in the course of a few days.

The downside of same day completion is that transfers of some property simply cannot be arranged as the bank draft is handed over. This applies most obviously to transfers or real property, leases, domain names and sometimes licensed IP. In these agreements we have covered these points as far as possible, but much of it is down to you to arrange for everything to come together when the cash is handed over and the agreement dated.

What property will be handed over at completion

The buyer will need to know what he or she will take ownership of when the purchase price is transferred.

The list includes software, hardware, customer information, stocks of goods, special information letters to suppliers and customers - and anything special to your business that you need to add.

Real property

Most businesses trade from a location. It may be a private house or a series of buildings set on an industrial park.

We have provided for the possibility of the seller also selling the commercial property used by the business. Where specified, the agreement is also an enforceable contract for sale of the property.

In other cases, a business will lease its property. We have provided for that too in a transfer of the leasehold interest . So unless we note otherwise, each document covers the commitment to complete the property transfer (when you will need a conveyancer) as well as a sale of the business.

Extensive notes to help you

Most people do not buy or sell businesses often. Even if you have done so before, it may not have been for some time.

Our guidance notes are particularly detailed, running in most cases to half the length of the contract and warranties combined. They include a full explanation of the TUPE regulations, of how warranties work and of how to deal with contracts for sale of property.

Buying or selling less than the whole business

We have included in this section three other templates of purchase of business agreement for slightly different circumstances.

Transfer into a company structure

When your business reaches a certain size, you may wish to transfer it into a limited company or an limited liability partnership (LLP) in order to benefit from the limited liability that these business structures offer.

If so, you would likely transfer all of the assets to that new vehicle, unless there is an advantage (such as one for tax) in keeping back some to sell at a later date, to license or lease.

You sign this business purchase agreement agreement twice - once for yourself as seller and once as director or partner of your acquiring company or LLP. You do not need a witness for this sort of business purchase agreement, but it may be a good idea to have one so that the date of the agreement cannot later be challenged.

You should record the terms of the transfer in the business purchase agrement so as to satisfy the requirements of:

  • your new company in respect of the Companies Act 2006 to keep minutes of the meeting authorising such an important transaction
  • HMRC for calculating tax liabilities and for transferring value added tax obligations
  • your bank, particularly if you are a borrower
  • you, so that you have records of who owns valuable assets including IP

Purchase of assets only (including hive-down)

This business purchase agreement is for buying or selling assets, rather than the whole business as a going concern.

You could be selling or buying plant, equipment, a customer list, vehicles, stock, work in progress, software, insurance re-claimed goods, fire-damaged goods, or any other asset.

The only thing that you should not use this business purchase agreement to buy or sell is real property (land and buildings).

The key point about this business purchase agreement is that the seller gives no warranties.

Particularly we envisage that it might be used for a hive-down or any other sale by a liquidator or administrator or trustee in bankruptcy.

Purchase of used plant or physical assets

This business purchase agreement is for a straight purchase of business assets. The transaction is not a sale of business. It could cover any goods at all, but drawn particularly for bulk deals. It can be used where the counter-party may be any person or organisation in any country.

Whatever the asset or parties, this businss purchase agreement provides the protection to both sides with a set of fair terms.

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